BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//pretalx//talks.caving.dev//nss-convention-2026//talk//HXJTM7
BEGIN:VTIMEZONE
TZID:EST
BEGIN:STANDARD
DTSTART:20001029T030000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=-1SU;BYMONTH=10;UNTIL=20061029T070000Z
TZNAME:EST
TZOFFSETFROM:-0400
TZOFFSETTO:-0500
END:STANDARD
BEGIN:STANDARD
DTSTART:20071104T030000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=1SU;BYMONTH=11
TZNAME:EST
TZOFFSETFROM:-0400
TZOFFSETTO:-0500
END:STANDARD
BEGIN:DAYLIGHT
DTSTART:20000402T030000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=1SU;BYMONTH=4;UNTIL=20060402T080000Z
TZNAME:EDT
TZOFFSETFROM:-0500
TZOFFSETTO:-0400
END:DAYLIGHT
BEGIN:DAYLIGHT
DTSTART:20070311T030000
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYDAY=2SU;BYMONTH=3
TZNAME:EDT
TZOFFSETFROM:-0500
TZOFFSETTO:-0400
END:DAYLIGHT
END:VTIMEZONE
BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:pretalx-nss-convention-2026-HXJTM7@talks.caving.dev
DTSTART;TZID=EST:20260710T141000
DTEND;TZID=EST:20260710T143000
DESCRIPTION:Epigenic continental carbonate aquifers are usually telogenetic
  and have long been known to self modify through time\, developing a hiera
 rchy of permeability ending in conduit flow. Island carbonate aquifers are
  commonly eogenetic with substantial primary porosity that reorganizes int
 o touching-vug permeability. If allogenic catchment is available\, or isla
 nd size exceeds ~40 km (an area to perimeter phenomena)\, conduit flow can
  initiate. The successful use of the freshwater lens as a potable water so
 urce requires procedures different from inland continental locations.\n\nA
 s touching vug permeability increases\, the freshwater lens thins\, moving
  the halocline or mixing zone upward in the island section. Changes in met
 eoric flux also control lens thickness. At the same time\, increasing void
  development causes the margin of the lens to step backward into the islan
 d\, and void development continues. Base level can change quickly due to t
 ectonics or glacialeustasy\, and the island perimeter may display specific
  horizons of flank margin cave development that correlate with static lens
  positions.\n\nThe top and base of the freshwater lens are density interfa
 ces that collect organics. The lens base commonly becomes anoxic\, and oce
 anic sulfate is biomediated to sulfide. Sulfate is a dolomite precipitatio
 n poison\, its removal at the lens base results in a preferential location
  for dolomitization. The movement of the lens by internal processes and ou
 tside forces can lead to an interleaving of limestone and dolomite horizon
 s.
DTSTAMP:20260826T232305Z
LOCATION:Auditorium
SUMMARY:The consequences of the self-modification island karst aquifers - 
URL:https://talks.caving.dev/nss-convention-2026/talk/HXJTM7/
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR